Comprehension Skill - Online Test
Q1. Few school curricula include a unit on how to deal with bereavement and grief,
and yet all students at some point in their lives suffer from losses through death
and parting.
Based on the above passage which topic would not be included in a unit on
bereavement?
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q2. Modern warfare has changed from large scale clashes of armies to suppression of
civilian populations. Chemical agents that do their work silently appear to be
suited to such warfare; and regretfully, there exist people in military
establishments who think that chemical agents are useful tools for their cause.
Which of the following statements best sums up the meaning of the above passage:
Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q3. Indian currency notes show the denomination indicated in at least seventeen languages.
If this is not an indication of the nation‟s diversity, nothing else is.
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above sentences?
Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q4. “India is a country of rich heritage and cultural diversity.” Which one of the following facts
best supports the claim made in the above sentence?
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
Diversity is shown in terms of difference language
Q5. Modern warfare has changed from large scale clashes of armies to suppression of
civilian populations. Chemical agents that do their work silently appear to be
suited to such warfare; and regretfully, there exist people in military establishments
who think that chemical agents are useful tools for their cause.
Which of the following statements best sums up the meaning of the above passage:
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q6. In a world filled with uncertainty, he was glad to have many good
friends. He had always assisted them in times of need and was
confident that they would reciprocate. However, the events of the last
week proved him wrong. Which of the following inference(s) is/are
logically valid and can be inferred from the above passage?
(i) His friends were always asking him to help them.
(ii) He felt that when in need of help, his friends would let him down.
(iii) He was sure that his friends would help him when in need.
(iv) His friends did not help him last week
Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:
The paragraph states that the subject was very
confident about his good friends helping him in his times of need
because he had always helped them before in their time. Thus,
inference iii follows.
Since the events of the last week proved him wrong, this means that
his confidence was broken and his friends had not helped him. Thus
inference iv also follows.
Q7. After several defeats in wars, Robert Bruce went in exile and wanted to commit
suicide. Just before committing suicide, he came across a spider attempting
tirelessly to have its net. Time and again the spider failed but that did not deter it
to refrain from making attempts. Such attempts by the spider made Bruce
curious. Thus, Bruce started observing the near-impossible goal of the spider to
have the net. Ultimately, the spider succeeded in having its net despite several
failures. Such act of the spider encouraged Bruce not to commit suicide. And
then, Bruce went back again and won many a battle, and the rest is history.
Which one of the following assertions is best supported by the above information?
Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q8. The ways in which this game can be played __________ potentially infinite.
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q9. “If you are looking for a history of India, or for an account of the rise and fall of the British
Raj, or for the reason of the cleaving of the subcontinent into two mutually antagonistic parts
and the effects this mutilation will have in the respective sections, and ultimately on Asia, you
will not find it in these pages; for though I have spent a lifetime in the country, I lived too near
the seat of events, and was too intimately associated with the actors, to get the perspective
needed for the impartial recording of these matters.”
Which of the following closest in meaning to 'cleaving'?
Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.
Q10.
Direction: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
As bitcoin launched in 2009, most early adopters saw its disruptive potential. While bitcoin has stalled for some time approaching a valid use of the term “stagnation”, cryptocurrency in a larger context is still just as disruptive. In 2011, I stated that bitcoin (cryptocurrency) will do to banks what e-mail did to the postal services. This is not just true, but it will be even more brutal to governments, and by extension, governmental services.
Now, governments love anything that smells like innovation, because it means jobs, this magic word that smells of magic unicorns to anybody in government. Therefore, people who like innovation are nurturing this bitcoin thing, this cryptocurrency thing, this ethereum thing (as if governments made a difference, but still). Lots of startups in tip-of-the-spear financial technology means that their government may get a head start over other governments. They have no idea that cryptocurrency will radically scale back the power of government, not just their own one, but also all those other governments over which it seeks a competitive edge.
Individual people in government can also love bitcoin because it gives them something to do. More specifically, it gives them something to regulate. Fortunately, other people in government see that this gives them something to do, which is to hold those government regulators with an overdeveloped sense of order somewhat in check. You’ll hear no shortage of wannabe regulators saying that “bitcoin is bad because it’s being used in crime and contraband trade!”, to which I usually respond, “well, bitcoin is a currency, so I mean you put it in relation to the US Dollar, which then… is not used in crime and contraband trade, is this the argument you’re using to support your position?”, at which point the discussion generally changes topic.
This completely disregards the observation that bitcoin and cryptocurrency were designed to not submit to regulation in the first place. Well, at least not governmental regulation. It is heavily regulated – but by its source code, and by its source code alone.
The reason this will cripple today’s governments — today’s idea of what a government is and does — is because today’s economy is built on one layer doing actual work and three layers of abstraction on top.
At the first and bottom layer of our economy are the individual people doing all the actual work.
The second layer on top of the first is the abstraction we call corporations, which is a way to organize our economy and optimize transaction costs.
The third layer on top of the second would be banks, which handle money for corporations and individual people in a middleman gatekeeper position.
Finally, the fourth layer is the government, which takes advantage of the banks’ gatekeeper position to siphon off taxes from money flows in order to fund itself and governmental services. In other words, layer four completely depends on layer three for its operations – or at least for the relative simplicity of funding its operations.
Now, what bitcoin and cryptocurrency do is make away with the banks – cutting them out of the loop entirely, making them redundant, obsolete, dinosaurified. This resulting absence of anything where banks used to be creates an air gap between the functional part of the economy – people and corporations – and governments who want funding.
The way governments want to tap all money flows in order to fund itself is not entirely unlike how the surveillance agencies want to tap all information flows in order to have an information advantage. In this way, the deployment of cryptocurrency is to tax collection what deployment of end-to-end encryption is to mass surveillance. The government can no longer reach into money flows and grab what it wants, but will be dependent on people actively sending it money. The government can’t point a gun at a computer and have it give up its money; you can only make a computer operator feel very sorry for not voluntarily producing the keys to that money. So the government is no longer able to collect taxes without the consent – even if coerced and forced consent – of the people being thus collected.
The deployment of cryptocurrency is to tax collection what deployment of end-to-end encryption is to mass surveillance.
Governments, and individual people in government, have no idea about this bigger picture. They’re far too wrapped up in things-as-usual to notice. They won’t see it coming until it’s already happened.
When this happens, there will be no shortage of people in government who suddenly want to regulate cryptocurrency – only to find out it will be as effective as regulating gravity. When this happens, it will be redefined from a coercive Colossus able to take what it wants and do what it wants into a construct that actually depends on people wanting to fund it. This will be a very interesting time to live in. While today’s governments will see themselves as getting crippled, I suspect most citizens will regard it as unquestionably healthy that governments will actually begin to depend on the approval of the people at large.
We’re just beginning to see the changes to society that the Internet brings. This is one of them.
Cryptocurrency can cripple the present governments because-
(i) they are ignorant of the potential risk of cryptocurrency and will be unable to control it eventually
(ii) it cannot be regulated by government regulation but can only be regulated by its source code alone
(iii) today’s economy is built on one layer doing actual work and rest three layers of abstraction on top
(i) they are ignorant of the potential risk of cryptocurrency and will be unable to control it eventually
(ii) it cannot be regulated by government regulation but can only be regulated by its source code alone
(iii) today’s economy is built on one layer doing actual work and rest three layers of abstraction on top
Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:
The answer can be interpreted from these lines, “The reason this will cripple today’s governments — today’s idea of what a government is and does — is because today’s economy is built on one layer doing actual work and three layers of abstraction on top.” and "This completely disregards the observation that bitcoin and cryptocurrency were designed to not submit to regulation in the first place. Well, at least not governmental regulation. It is heavily regulated – but by its source code, and by its source code alone."
